During which significant industrial change did West Virginia's coal industry grow?

The growth of West Virginia's coal industry is closely linked to the Industrial Revolution, which occurred primarily in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. During this period, industries were shifting from manual labor and agrarian economies to a more mechanized environment, significantly increasing the demand for coal as a primary energy source. The coal industry expanded to support various industrial activities, especially in steel production, transportation, and heating.

As factories grew and urban areas developed, the need for coal to fuel steam engines and power machinery made it a vital resource. The abundance of coal in West Virginia fueled this expansion, leading to economic growth and development in the state. Railroads also emerged during this time, allowing for the efficient transport of coal, which further accelerated the industry’s rise.

In contrast, the other options represent different periods or movements that do not align directly with the significant growth phase of the coal industry. The Environmental Movement emerged much later, focusing on the impacts of industrial activity on the environment. The Technological Revolution encompasses advancements post-Industrial Revolution, particularly in areas like digital technology, while the Information Age is defined by the shift towards information technology and data management, which are not directly associated with the coal industry's growth.